LitMaps

Maps inspired by literature.

The Boom (2014)

by Russell Gold

Posted on 10/23/25
Cover of The Boom (2014) by Russell Gold

Summary

A history of the practice of 'fracking' in the United States.

My Thoughts

Fracking involves applying hydraulic pressure to shale rock in order to liberate more oil/gas from the rock. It's considered an 'unconventional' method of extracting oil/gas - conventional methods are less complicated (i.e., drill a hole and allow the oil/gas to come out through natural pressure.) I read this a long time ago so I don't remember many details about the companies and characters involved, I just thought it'd be easy to make a map related to it. I recall the story is mostly told though the eyes of former Chesapeake Energy CEO Aubrey McClendon and highlights his rise to fame.

Map

Map visualization for The Boom (2014)

I recently moved to New York (Buffalo), a state where fracking is banned completely due to environmental concerns. It has been linked to increased earthquake activity in several other regions where it is performed. I thought it might be interesting to see a comparison to a neighboring state where fracking is legal. Pennsylvania has massive hydrocarbon reserves in the Marcellus Shale geological formation which is present across much of the state (west of the Appalachian range). The map on the left shows a point at each fracked well. I'd take this with a grain of salt as I just plotted coorinates from a public 'Unconventional Well' dataset for Pennsylvania. I suppose there may be other unconventional methods of extraction that aren't fracking. That's ok ... I just wanted to get some data on the page and look at it. It's a similar story for the NY State dataset. I filtered that dataset for 'Horizontal' wells, and while horizontal drilling often indicates fracking I suppose there are times when that isn't the case. Since there are many overlapping points on the first map I thought it would be useful to show a density grid for the points to better capture the data. For each 'cell' or 'pixel' in the area the number of points in that cell are summed. There are probably more interesting things I could do with these huge datasets but for now this is what you get.

Coding Notes

Data used in the maps come from public .csv files (links shown at the end of the code). This was my first time using the xyz2grd function in pygmt. This function can perform operations on x,y,z data - in my case I'm actually only using x and y data (coordinates), so z is given a dummy value (all 1s). The 'duplicate' parameter is set to 'n', which counts the number of points in cells of a size specified by the user (in this case, 0.1 arc degrees).

Full Code

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